How Materialism Became a Big Part of South Korean Culture?

South Korea has earned a reputation as one of the world’s most materialistic countries and this trend has only intensified in recent years. This materialistic culture is seen in the high demand for luxury goods, a competitive societal structure and the growing pressure to showcase wealth. So, what has led to this shift in values? Why materialism is so prevalent in South Korea today?

A Global Shift

A global survey a few years ago revealed a striking contrast in values across different countries. While people in most countries prioritize family above all else but Koreans place material well-being at the top. This obsession with wealth is reflected in the country's spending habits. 

The Influence of South Korea's Hierarchical Past

One of the primary reasons behind Korea’s materialistic culture lies in its deeply rooted hierarchical society. Historically, Korea was a highly stratified society where one's status was determined by age, rank, and social position. Certain clothes, titles and even language were reserved for individuals of higher status. If you were of lower status, you were often treated with disrespect. 
Today in South Korea, people measure success based on how many designer items or expensive cars they own, and this material success equates to respect in society.
Even on the road, social hierarchies based on wealth are clear. Drivers of expensive cars are afforded more respect, while those in lower-status vehicles are treated with less regard. This behavior highlights just how deeply ingrained materialism is in the culture.

The Pressure to Succeed

At the heart of South Korea's materialistic culture is the concept of success as a reflection of one's worth. The pressure to succeed is immense, especially for children. Parents often push their kids to excel academically and professionally, seeing their children’s success as a direct extension of their own success. However, this pursuit of success comes at a cost.
Many Korean children grow up feeling that their value is tied to their achievements rather than being loved unconditionally. As a result, they strive for success to prove their worth. This desire to be successful leads to an obsession with material possessions, as owning luxury items is seen as proof of achievement.

The Fear of Judgment 

The fear of being judged for not measuring up to societal standards is another driving force behind the materialistic culture in South Korea. This fear extends beyond the workplace and into personal life. A prime example is the extravagant spending that takes place for events like a baby's first birthday. While a modest celebration may cost around $3,000, some families opt to spend $22,000 to avoid the judgment that could come with a "cheap" celebration.
This fear of judgment, rooted in the desire for social validation, has led people to place more value on appearances and material wealth than on genuine relationships or emotional fulfillment. The more you have, the more respect you’re given, especially if it’s visible wealth that others can see.

 

Tailpiece

The materialistic culture in South Korea is a complex issue. In a country where success is often equated with material wealth, it’s no surprise that the desire for luxury goods and high status has become so prevalent. Owning expensive items may bring temporary satisfaction or respect, but it’s important to consider the long-term effects of a society where worth is defined by what you own rather than who you are.